GaN crystals are difficult to grow and process because many defects occur during crystal growth, and damage layers form easily and are difficult to remove during crystal processing. This study addresses the challenges associated with growing and processing GaN crystals, which are caused by their characteristic and properties. Inversion domains, crystal defects generated during crystal growth, are resolved by combining vapor and liquid phase growth. Moreover, damage layers formed during fabrication are removed by chemical mechanical polishing.
(by Seiji SARAYAMA, Takashi SATO)

ACC is a naturally occurring non-protein amino acid that is rapidly converted to ethylene in plant tissues. ACC has unique activity as a chemical thinning agent in apples and stone fruits that provides fruit growers with a new tool to reduce their dependence on labor for crop load management. Furthermore, ACC is an alternative to ethephon in programs for coloring table grapes. ACC is highly safe for humans, animals and the environment, and is exempt from tolerance with the US EPA.
(by Steven MCARTNEY, Parvesh SHARMA, Mark ZHEN, Maria HERRERO, Derek WOOLARD, Brian SOPCAK, Michael SCHROEDER, Antonieta VERDUGO, Mitsunobu KAWAMURA, Kensuke KAWAMOTO, Yuki IKEDA)

This study provides an overview of chemical recycling technology for acrylic resin (polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA) and recent eff orts toward its societal implementation as a solution to plastic waste. Based on the unique characteristics and market trends of PMMA, the study highlights the efficiency and environmental benefits of a continuous depolymerization process jointly developed by Sumitomo Chemical and JSW, using a twin-screw extruder. Furthermore, it presents specific examples, including regional resource circulation projects and plans for global expansion to establish business models that support the transition to a sustainable society.
(by Hidenori KADOYA, Yoichi YASUTOMI, Koji KOYAMA, Kazuhiro YAMAZAKI)

Simulation plays a critical role in the design of chemical equipment and the optimization of process conditions, as it enables the analysis of physical quantities distributed in three dimensions within the equipment. However, conventional grid-based and particle-based methods face various challenges when handling fluid flow in complex geometries. The immersed boundary method has emerged as a promising alternative to address these challenges. This method offers several advantages, including simplified mesh generation using orthogonal grids, ease of modifying geometries, and reduced computational costs. This report specifically focuses on the volume force-based immersed boundary method, presenting application examples including the simulation of Newtonian fluids, non-Newtonian fluids, porous media flow, and turbulent flow.
(by Yuta YAEGASHI, Hiroki MURAMATSU, Naoki SHIMADA)

Continuous manufacturing technology has been attracting increasing attention in the pharmaceutical drug substances (DS), development fi eld. While continuous techniques are being utilized in various unit operations of DS manufacturing, application of continuous manufacturing technology to the chemical synthesis step, also known as flow chemistry, can the potentially to enable the development of highly productive manufacturing processes that were not possible with conventional batch-type reactors alone. We herein, we introduce a case study in which continuous manufacturing technology was utilized to develop a manufacturing process for EPI-589, a current drug candidates in our small molecule pipeline.
(by Kazuki HASHIMOTO, Hirotsugu USUTANI)

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